The SIT is a type of JFET with a short channel. Watanabe applied for a patent for a similar device in 1950 termed static induction transistor (SIT). Japanese engineers Jun-ichi Nishizawa and Y. Following Shockley's theoretical treatment on JFET in 1952, a working practical JFET was made in 1953 by George C. They discovered the point-contact transistor in the course of trying to diagnose the reasons for their failures.

During the 1940s, researchers John Bardeen, Walter Houser Brattain, and William Shockley were trying to build a FET, but failed in their repeated attempts. JFET was first patented by Heinrich Welker in 1945. However, materials science and fabrication technology would require decades of advances before FETs could actually be manufactured. Because a JFET in a common source or common drain configuration has a large input impedance (sometimes on the order of 10 10 ohms), little current is drawn from circuits used as input to the gate.Ī succession of FET-like devices was patented by Julius Lilienfeld in the 1920s and 1930s. In the n-type, if the voltage applied to the gate is negative with respect to the source, the current will be reduced (similarly in the p-type, if the voltage applied to the gate is positive with respect to the source). JFETs can have an n-type or p-type channel. The depletion region has to be closed to enable current to flow.

JFETs are sometimes referred to as depletion-mode devices, as they rely on the principle of a depletion region, which is devoid of majority charge carriers. If a potential difference of the proper polarity is applied between its gate and source terminals, the JFET will be more resistive to current flow, which means less current would flow in the channel between the source and drain terminals. A JFET is usually conducting when there is zero voltage between its gate and source terminals. By applying a reverse bias voltage to a gate terminal, the channel is pinched, so that the electric current is impeded or switched off completely. Electric charge flows through a semiconducting channel between source and drain terminals. Unlike bipolar junction transistors, JFETs are exclusively voltage-controlled in that they do not need a biasing current. JFETs are three-terminal semiconductor devices that can be used as electronically controlled switches or resistors, or to build amplifiers. The junction-gate field-effect transistor ( JFET) is one of the simplest types of field-effect transistor. Electric current from source to drain in a p-channel JFET is restricted when a voltage is applied to the gate.

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